A Moment in Our History: YWCA and Wartime
With its roots dating back to 1858 and the establishment of the first YWCA association in New York City, the national organization saw its role and community involvement adapt and change in times of war. During WWI, YWCA became the first organization to send professional workers overseas to provide administrative leadership and support to U.S. Armed Forces.
YWCA joined the United War Work Campaign and created the War Work Council. The aim of this campaign was to raise funds during the week of November 11-18, 1918 to “help boost American soldiers’ morale and provide them with recreational activities.” Seven voluntary organizations including YWCA and YMCA joined forces for this undertaking. Local associations like YWCA O'ahu contributed to this cause.
YWCA also participated in the Hostess Houses programs of the United Service Organizations Inc. (USO). During WWI, YWCA reportedly established 50 hostess houses at 37 military camps across the country and it employed more than 1,000 women as hostesses to maintain and keep the houses open 24 hours a day.
The purpose of the houses was to tend to the needs of “the thousands of women who traveled, often long distances, to the camps in order to visit family members and “sweethearts” being trained there.” Those houses became shelters “in which the soldiers buffer the military and find personal comfort, and as places for women to gain experience in managing complex and relatively large institutions.” On O'ahu, Hostess Houses opened at Schofield and Fort Shafter.
WWII required local organizations like YWCA O'ahu to quickly shift to meet the demands of the time. The pace accelerated after the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. YWCA O'ahu served breakfast to the men of the new Hawaiian guard – starting with 60 a day and growing to 2,500 at its peak time. Both Camp Halekipa and Kokokahi were turned into rest camps by the military.
Ms. Ginger Reeves wrote to YWCA O'ahu in 2009 to share a story about her father Mr. Richard Crick who spent time at Kokokahi after he was wounded on Iwo Jima shortly after witnessing the famous flag raising on Mt. Suribachi.
“My father said it was a green peaceful oasis and a much-needed place to help heal the hearts and minds of men who had been through the horrors of battle.”
Laniākea also became a site to support war efforts. The basement served as a shelter as needed. A surgical dressing unit of the Red Cross was established on the third floor. The unit first met in January 1942 and continued to function through the war – Monday through Friday between 9:00am and 12:00pm. The unit had a daily average of 70 volunteers producing 65,000 dressings a month.
YWCA Oahu’s International Institute mobilized volunteers to produce various needed articles. Across the country, YWCA’s national office offered services to Japanese American women and girls incarcerated in WWII Relocation Centers.
In 1943, Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt visited Laniākea during her tour of the island to observe the works of the USO. She mentioned her visit at YWCA O'ahu in her national newspaper column as she described her trip to Hawai'i.
“… for a brief moment we stopped at the YWCA to see the girls who go out to dance and play and sing the soft Hawaiian songs for the boys in the late afternoons and evenings after their own day’s work is done.”
-Honolulu Star-Bulletin: September 28, 1943
Roughly five months before the war ended, the ground floor and the lobby of Laniākea were transformed to the USO Services Women’s Lounge. The lounge included a library, an information desk and a writing area. On the opening day of the lounge, what caught the eyes of the service women was “the powder bar.”
With the end of the war YWCA O'ahu regained the operations of its facilities to continue its work aligned with the organization’s mission.